Status: Roman province Religion: introduced Christianity and Christian Gods Dwelling: – lived in towns, 1st known in Britain (Londonium) - baths – Roman baths - bridges, drainage systems, viaducts and fortifications Hadrian’s Wall Traces: - introduced systems of laws - introduced way of life: holidays, meals, cooking, clothing - introduced new words Traces The Roman brought: 1) new types of food and ways of cooking to Iron Age Britain 2) new ingredients onions, cabbages, walnuts and olive oil 3) the idea of eating souses with their meals 4) their favourite souse was called «garum», made from fermented (or rotted) fish – it was strong testing and very smelly 5) these new foods would only have been available to the very rich 6) for the Britons living outside of the Roman towns, dinner time would will have been a simple stew or porridge.
Modern English Latin Meaning Lancaster, Chester, Colchester, Gloucester castra camp Street, Stratford Via strata Paved road Devonport Portus, harbor Port Wall Vallum Side of a building Norwich, Woolwich Vicus Village Mile Mila 1000 double paces ((one step with each foot) Pepper Piper Long pepper Wine Winam Wine Butter Butyrum, boutyron from bous ax’, cow + tyros cheese Cow’s cheese Cheese Caseus, kwat To ferment, become sour
Britain under the Anglo-Saxons Tribes: the Angles, the Saxons, The Jules Origin of the word «Saxons» : «sahso» (sword) Saxons «warriors» Origin of the word «Angles» : «angle» Origin of the word «Jules» : «Jutland»
Occupation of Anglo-Saxons: - agriculture activities - lived in villages - advanced farmers Anglo-Saxon artefacts: Ornaments on armor bring luck Failed in making helmets (no hearing) with moustache Hood houses next to a forest (no windows, only doors) Families telling stories, legends, in their houses Anglo-Saxons: 1) impact on city life 2) new farming methods 3) founded villages 4) heptarchy (семивластие)
The four main kingdoms in Anglo-Saxon England were: (AD 650) - East Anglia - Mercia - Northumbria - Wessex - Essex - Kent - Sussex
The Anglo-Saxons and their burial habits: People were buried with their ships Ship burial: Vikings made the best ships Anglo-Saxon Runic Alphabet: The 1st things found in A.-S. ruins: Rothwell Cross Franks Casket (сундук) car, slogan – from Celtic language
Days of Week Germanic God His/her status Roman/Greek Goddesses
Planet
Monday -- -- -- The Moon Tuesday Tiw The God of war Mars/Ares -- Wednesday Woden/Odin The God of commerce Mercury/Hermes --
Thursday Thur/Thor The God of thunder
Jupiter/Zeus --
Friday Frigg/Freya Woden’s wife, the Goddess of peace and prosperity
-- --
Saturday -- -- -- The Saturn Sunday -- -- -- The Sun
Anglo-Saxon words Their meaning Place-names Ham Home, protected place Nottingham, Birmingham Ton Hedge, surrounded with a hedge Preston, Brighton, Southampton Bury/burgh To hide Canterbury, Salisbury, Edinburgh Field Open country Sheffield, Chesterfield, Mansfield
