Mood is the category of the verb, which shows in what relation to reality the speaker places the action or state expressed by the predicate verb. Thus the category of mood expresses modality (i.e. the relation of the action or state expressed by the predicate to reality as it regarded by the speaker) [1; 2; 3; 7; 9]. Modality may be expressed as follows:
- By mood-form of the verb
E.g. He was here yesterday. I wish he were here. Be here tomorrow.
- By modal verbs
E.g. She can easily do it. You should help him. It must be late.
- By parenthetical words and expressions
E.g. Perhaps he will come tomorrow. They are ready, I believe.
Moods in English are divided into: the direct moods /прямые наклонения/ (the indicative and the imperative) and the oblique moods /косвенные наклонения/ [1; 2; 3; 7; 8], a number of scientists stipulate that there are three moods in English: the indicative mood, the imperative mood and the subjunctive mood [5; 9].
THE INDICATIVE MOOD
The indicative mood shows that the speaker considers the action or state denoted by the predicate as a real fact [1; 2; 5; 9].
E.g. “Mrs. Green, isn’t it true you are having an affair with Clinton Jackson and have been for many months?”/Olivia Goldsmith Young Wives/
E.g. I knew Gina had discussed it with him, had tried to explain why it was happening and what it would mean. /Tony Parson Man and Wife/
The indicative mood is widely used in Modern English. It may denote action with different time-references, therefore the indicative mood has a wide variety of tense and aspect forms in the active and passive voice.
