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Text 23 A

Celsius versus Centigrade

 

Text 23 A Celsius versus Centigrade - раздел Образование, Part One THE PREDICATE The Ninth General Conference On Weights And Measures, Held In October, 1948, ...

 
 

   

The Ninth General Conference on Weights and Measures, held in October, 1948, adopted the name "Celsius" for the scalc of temperature which had more commonly been callcd "ccntigradc". This action, which had not been proposed in advance of the Conference, arose from a question regarding preferred usage in French, the sole official language of the Conference. The decision might be considered as applying strictly only to that language. In the interest of eventual uniformity of practice the use of

"Celsius" appeared desirable, but it was not practicable to impose this term on those who preferred "centigrade".

In preparation for the General Confcrcncc the National Bureau of Standard submitted a revised text defining the International Temperature Scalc to supersede that adopted in 1927. The proposed text was drafted in English and, in accordance with common English practice as well as the official French text adopted in 1927, it used the name "centigrade". This name was carried over into the French translation prepared for considcraton by the Advisory Committee on Thermometry in May, 1948. However, in the printed report of that meeting, the term "centigrade" had, in most eases, been changcd to "ccntcsimal", the term that was used in the French law governing weights and measurements. When it was asked to choosc between the two, the International Committee on Weights and die General Confcrcncc voted to substitute "Celsius".

With regard to the merits of the decision it might be remarked that Celsius (abbreviated C) was analogous to the names Kelvin, Fahrenheit, Reaumur, and Rankine, used for other temperature scales, that it had previously been used considerably in some countries, and occasionally in America. It might also be argued diat "centigrade" was logically ambiguous, since the absolute Kelvin scale, as well as the centigrade scale has 100 degrees between the icc point and the boiling point of water. On the other hand, the name "ccntigradc" was thoroughly established in English- speaking countries, the need for choosing between that name and "centesimal" arose only in Frcnch, and the decision on a term in the official French language of the Confcrcncc might not be considered as controlling the terms to be used in translating into other tongues.


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