A.D. Hope, in full Alec Derwent Hope (born July 21, 1907, Cooma, New South Wales, Australia—died July 13, 2000, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory), Australian poet who is best known for his elegies and satires.
Hope, who began publishing poems when he was 14 years old, was educated in Australia and at the University of Oxford. He taught at various Australian universities, including Sydney Teachers’ College and Melbourne University, until his retirement in 1972. Though traditional in form, his poetry is thoroughly modern, two outstanding examples being “Conquistador” (1947) and “The Return from the Freudian Isles” (1944)
Hope was born in Cooma, New South Wales, and educated partly at home and in Tasmania. He attended Fort Street Boys High School, Sydney University, and then the University of Oxford on a scholarship. Returning to Australia in 1931 he then trained as a teacher, and spent some time drifting. He worked as a psychologist with the New South Wales Department of Labour and Industry, and as a lecturer in Education and English at Sydney Teachers College(1937–44).
He was a lecturer at the University of Melbourne from 1945 to 1950, and in 1951 became the first professor of English at the newly founded Canberra University College, later of the Australian National University (ANU) when the two institutions merged, a chair he held until retiring in 1968. From 1968 was appointed Emeritus Professor at the ANU.[1]
He was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire in 1972[2] and a Companion of the Order of Australia in 1981[3] and awarded many other honours. He died in Canberra, having suffered dementia in his last years, and is buried at the Queanbeyan Lawn Cemetery.
Poet and critic[edit]
Although he was published as a poet while still young, The Wandering Islands (1955) was his first collection and all that remained of his early work after most of his manuscripts were destroyed in a fire. Its publication was delayed by concern about the effects of Hope's highly-erotic and savagely-satirical verse on the Australian public. His influences were Popeand the Augustan poets, Auden, and Yeats; he was a polymath, very largely self-taught, and with a talent for offending his countrymen. He wrote a book of "answers" to other poems, including one in response to the poem "To His Coy Mistress" by Andrew Marvell.
The reviews he wrote in the 1940s and 50s were feared "for their acidity and intelligence. If his reviews hurt some writers - Patrick White included - they also sharply raised the standard of literary discussion in Australia."[4] However, Hope relaxed in later years. As poet Kevin Hart writes, "The man I knew, from 1973 to 2000, was invariably gracious and benevolent".[4]
Hope wrote in a letter to the poet/academic, Catherine Cole: "Now I feel I've reached the pinnacle of achievement when you equate me with one of Yeats's 'wild, wicked old men'. I'm probably remarkably wicked but not very wild, I fear too much ingrained Presbyterian caution".[5] Cole suggests that Hope represented the three attributes that Vladimir Nabokovbelieved essential in a writer, "storyteller, teacher, enchanter".[5]
Influence and impact[edit]
Kevin Hart, reviewing Catherine Cole's memoir of Hope, writes that "When A. D. Hope died in 2000 at the age of 93, Australia lost its greatest living poet".[4] Hart goes on to say that when once asked what poets do for Australia, Hope replied that "They justify its existence".[5]
Awards[edit]
- 1956: Grace Leven Prize for Poetry
- 1965: Britannica Award for Literature
- 1966: Australian Literature Society Gold Medal
- 1967: Myer Award for Australian Poetry
- 1969: Ingram Merrill Foundation Award for Literature (New York)
- 1969: Levinson Prize for Poetry[6] (Chicago)
- 1972: Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE)
- 1976: The Age Book of the Year Award for A Late Picking
- 1976: Robert Frost Award for Poetry
- 1981: Companion of the Order of Australia (AC)
- 1989: New South Wales Premier's Literary Awards Special Award
- 1993: ACT Book of the Year Award for Chance Encounters[7]
Bibliography[edit]
Poetry
- The Wandering Islands (1955) Sydney: Edwards & Shaw.
- Poems (1960) London: Hamish Hamilton
- A.D.Hope (1963) Sydney: Angus and Robertson.
- Collected Poems: 1920-1965 (1966) Sydney: Angus and Robertson.
- New Poems: 1965-1969 (1969) Sydney: Angus and Robertson.
- Dunciad Minor: An Heroik Poem (1970) Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.
- Collected Poems: 1930-1970 (1972) Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
- Selected Poems (1973) Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
- A Late Picking: Poems 1965-1974 (1975) Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
- A Book of Answers (1981) Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
- The Age of Reason (1985) Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.
- Selected Poems (1986) Manchester: Carcanet.
- Orpheus (1991) Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
- Selected Poems (1992) Sydney: Angus & Robertson/Harper Collins.
