-phonetic changer (фонетич.изменения)
-borroving(заимствования)
-polysemy( многозначность)
-word-building(словообразование)
-shortening( сокращение)
4. не нашла
5. The main means of word-building in English.
Word-buildingis the system of derivative types of words and the process of creating new words from the material available in the language after certain structural and semantic formulas and patterns. W-b is that branch of lexicology which studies the derivative structure of existing words and the patterns on which a language builds new words.
Principal types of word-formation –patterned (основные)
-word-derivation- basic ways of forming words affixation and conversion (словопроизводство)
-word-composition-combining two or more stems (словосложение) earthquake → birthquake ( =population explosion) землетрясение-…= демократический взрыв
non-patterned
- stress interchange -import (n) – to import (v)
- sound interchange -life – to live
-back- formation (обратн.словообразование) -pee < pees (горох сначала был только во мн.ч.
- artificial creation of words(искусств. создание слов) babysitter <to babysit
+ shortening (сокращение) Mr.- mister
+abbreviation BBC= British Broadcasting Corporation