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26 lexical and semantic peculiarities of terminological system in ME

Terminology. Problems associated with the concept of the "term". A term is a word or a word combination used in a particular branch of science, technology, trade of the arts to convey a notion peculiar  to this or that activity. The system of terms is used in some branch of human activity is called terminology. There are several problems connected with terminology. 1) Is there a difference between a term and a word of the general language?  EG: the word “frame” may be a term (PC) and the same time a word of general language. There is a criterion which helps to distinguished between a term and a word the general language. It is definability. That means that a term has a clear explanation. There is another problem: must a word be polisementic or monosemantic? It must be monosemantic , but in fact it is polisemantic. EG: the word “semantic” first meaning: all the meanings of the word; second: a branch of lexicology. Finally: must a term have synonyms? It should not. But in fact, in real life, it does have synonyms. EG: a phraseological unit, an idiom, a set-phrase…Among these synonyms there is a dominant term, which is called “descriptor” It has the following characteristics: 1. It’s the easiest to define 2. descriptor has a clear semantic structure. It’s not based on metaphor or metonomy. The nomination is direct. EG: a fricative sound (нет переносного значения) 3. A descriptor has derivatives 4. a descriptor is the most frequent word.


21.06.2015; 14:50
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Гуманитарные науки
лингвистика и языки
история лингвистики
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