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РЕГИСТРАЦИЯ ЭКСКУРСИЯ

The Constitution of the UK


The constitution of the United Kingdom is the sum of laws and principles that make up the body politic of the United Kingdom. It concerns both the relationship between the individual and the state, and the functioning of the legislature, the executive and judiciary. Unlike many other nations, the UK has no single constitutional document. This is sometimes expressed by stating that it has an uncodified or "unwritten" constitution.[1] Much of the British constitution is embodied in written documents, within statutes,court judgmentsworks of authority and treaties. The constitution has other unwritten sources, including parliamentary constitutional conventions.[2]

Since the Glorious Revolution in 1688, the bedrock of the British constitution has traditionally been the doctrine of parliamentary sovereignty, according to which the statutes passed by Parliament are the UK's supreme and final source of law.[3] It follows that Parliament can change the constitution simply by passing new Acts of Parliament. There is some debate about whether this principle remains valid,[4] particularly in light of the UK's membership in the European Union.

treaty is an agreement under international law entered into by actors in international law, namely sovereign states andinternational organizations. A treaty may also be known as an (international) agreementprotocolcovenantconvention,pact, or exchange of letters, among other terms.

constitutional convention is an informal and uncodified procedural agreement that is followed by the institutions of a state. In some states, notably those Commonwealth of Nations states that follow the Westminster system and whose political systems derive from British constitutional law, most government functions are guided by constitutional convention rather than by a formal written constitution. In these states, actual distribution of power may be markedly different from those the formal constitutional documents describes. In particular, the formal constitution often confers wide discretionary powers on the head of state that, in practice, are used only on the advice of the head of government.

An 
Act of Parliament is a statute enacted as primary legislation by a national or sub-national parliament. In the Republic of Ireland the term Act of the Oireachtas is used, and in the United States the term Act of Congress is used.

The 
European Union (EU) is a politico-economic union of 28 member states that are located primarily in Europe.[12][13] The EU operates through a system of supranational institutions and intergovernmental-negotiated decisions by the member states.[14][15]The institutions are: the European Commission, the Council of the European Union, the European Council, the Court of Justice of the European Union, the European Central Bank, the European Court of Auditors, and the European Parliament. The European Parliament is elected every five years by EU citizens.


 


13.07.2015; 14:21
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