пользователей: 30398
предметов: 12406
вопросов: 234839
Конспект-online
РЕГИСТРАЦИЯ ЭКСКУРСИЯ

The UK. Chief industries and mineral resources

Great Britain is rich in basins in Northumberlandr Nottinghamshires, South near Glasgow.

coal. There a,re rich coal , Lancashire, yorkshire2, Wales, North Wales and Among other mineral resources, iron ores found alongside coal layers are of primary importance, but the iron content of most of the ores is very tow. There are tin and copper mines in Cornrvalla and De_vonshire5, copper and lead mines in England. Lead and silver ores are also mined in DJrby"hi"eu and CumberlandT and Lancashire. 
 

Great Britain is rich in basins in Northumberlandr Nottinghamshires, South near Glasgow.
coal. There a,re rich coal , Lancashire, yorkshire2, Wales, North Wales and Among other mineral resources, iron ores found alongside coal layers are of primary importance, but the iron content of most of the ores is very tow. There are tin and copper mines in Cornrvalla and De_vonshire5, copper and lead mines in England. Lead and silver ores are also mined in DJrby"hi"eu and CumberlandT and Lancashire. 

Many types of industrial minerals are found in the United Kingdom, especially England. However, the location of individual industrial minerals and their quality fundamentally reflects geology and many are highly restricted in their occurrence. This causes many to coincide with environmentally sensitive areas. Examples include fluorspar and potash, which are essentially confined to National Parks. Carboniferous limestones and the Cretaceous Chalk are the two main limestone resources which are used for cement and industry in England. These rocks also give rise to highly attractive scenery and consequently cause controversies when utilised.[18]

 

The most common minerals extracted are sand and gravel, used in construction and road building. 51% (167 million tonnes) of all the minerals produced in the United Kingdom in 2011 were aggregates.[19] With 80 quarriesTarmac is the United Kingdom's largest producer of crushed rock, sand, and gravel.[20]

The industrial minerals sector in England generally consists of a small number of large businesses, with production of each mineral being dominated by few companies. Many firms form part of major international groups. However, there are also a number of smaller producers, chiefly industrial carbonates, silica sand and fluorspar, with a single site. The industrial minerals sector accounts for a relatively small proportion of Gross Value Added in the UK economy (an estimated £788 million). However, it is important to consider the where the GVA is created: of the 69 main producing sites in the UK industrial minerals sector, 54 (78%) are located in either remote rural or accessible rural locations. Employment figures for the industrial mineral sector are under 15,000.

The markets for industrial minerals range from localised industries to international trade. Movement of the industrial minerals to market takes place by road, rail and sea, the latter to serve export markets, although some rock salt and agricultural dolomite is transported along its coast. Of the total marketable output of industrial minerals of 40 million tonnes (excl. aggregates) it is estimated that over 25% is transferred by rail or ship, a much higher proportion than for aggregates.

There are many slate mines in the United Kingdom producing slate for building and architectural purposes, of which the largest is the Delabole Slate Mine on the north coast ofCornwall.[21] The United Kingdom also has an abundance of specialized minerals such as china clay, used in fine china and porcelain; and Fuller's earth, an absorbent mineral used for spill containment and cleaning supplies.[22][23] However, production of Fuller's earth ceased in 2005 in the country.

The UK is a leading world producer and exporter of china clay and ball clay. Both minerals have a very limited occurrence and it is important that adequate reserves are maintained for long term use. The extraction of china clay results in a significant amount of waste — some 9 tonnes are produced for each tonne of clay.

In June 2015, the National Parks Authority voted in favour of allowing Sirius Minerals to construct the world's largest potash mine on the North York Moors.[24] It aims to create 1,000 jobs in an area which lost its previous mining industry. To avoid damaging the sensitive surroundings, the polyhalite is transported 36 km underground from the mine.


13.07.2015; 16:11
хиты: 196
рейтинг:0
Гуманитарные науки
история
история европы
для добавления комментариев необходимо авторизироваться.
  Copyright © 2013-2024. All Rights Reserved. помощь