Stylistic morphology

 studies the functions of various grammar forms. This problem is often associated with a phenomenon of grammaticalness and explability.Transposition presents the use of some grammatical form in a meaning, not characteristic of the form. It is also called grammatical metaphor. It is also called grammatical metaphor. More form stands for more meaning (definite article in the function of indefinite. According to this view transposition of recotegarisation of a grammatical form refers to the classes of nouns. Nouns are grouped at least in the following:personal- girls-lady,animal, not personal-devil cat,collective-familyWhen an object noun is used as a personal noun we have got personification. When an abstract noun is used in the same function, we deal with metonymy.E.g. swine-pigThe transposition of various parts of speech is connected with the paradigm-set of forms (inflections). E.g. coloured- non-white race- is used to denote peopleThe suffices formation also referes to the changesBoy-boyishThe transposition of prpnouns may indicate shift of responsibility (one feels ashamed, but what one can do?) (The demonstrative pronoun may be used instead of the article. This very cute girl) .The transposition of adjectives involves degrees of comparison.A foolish girlA most foolish girlThe most foolish of girlsTransposition of verbs and verbal forms helps to observe the new categorical meaning that verbs acquire in the text..e.g. statal verbs may become actional.

• 1. Paradigmatic aspect

  2. syntagmatic aspect

The term Mor. Originally implies the study of grammatical changes of isolated words by means of affixation as En. Has very few inflexions and most gr means are expressed analytical;ly

From the point of view of stylistic morphology will concern not only morphemes but any means of expressing gram meanings.

2 trends in styl mor

1) Synonimy

Paradigmatic equivalence or at least interchangeability of different morphemes.

Dog-dogs, ox-oxen

2)Variability of use of morphological categorical forms(tense,aspect, person)

The synonymy is not well-developed. The opposition of variants of gram morphemes is still noticeable from the point of stylistic prominants of stylistic foregrounding.

Brother+s

The localization of form

To get-got-got Brit

Get-got gotten Amer

From the point of variability of use of gram forms there are some peculiarities

1. the subjunctive mood- If I were a doctor

2. to be/to have- he be, he have

Ungrammatical usage of gr forms show low education or low status

Grammatical form is not confined to an individual meaning of the word because grammatical meaning is very abstract & general ex: oats-wheat: The grammatical form of oats is clearly plural and grammatical form of wheat is singular, but we can’t say that oats are more than one& wheat is one. So here we say that oats is grammatical. Plural & wheat is grammatical singular. There is no clear one-to-one correspondence between grammatical category of singular & plural and counting them in reality in terms of “one” and “more than one”.

Grammatical forms can be morphemes, synthetic forms, and grammatical word combinations, which are analytical forms. Synthetic forms unite both lexical and grammatical meanings in one word. In analytical forms there two or more words in which at least one element is an auxiliary. The auxiliary is a constant element of an analytical structure, which is devoid of lexical meaning (it renders grammatical meanings and is a purely grammatical element). Analytical structures must be differentiated from free syntactical word combinations. In free syntactical word combinations all the elements possess both lexical and grammatical meanings.

Cf. waiter and waitress

 

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